GCSE e-assessment

This from yesterday's Guardian tgells how modern languages may be assessed by means of students sitting at computers. The argument for trying the method on mod lang (“because all the components – reading, writing, speaking and listening – could potentially be done with the use of the “common media” of a computer”) would be even stronger for Latin, where there is no oral or aural element.

First subjects get green light for online GCSE assessment

Alexandra Smith
Tuesday October 10, 2006
EducationGuardian.co.uk

Modern foreign languages could be the next GSCE subject to be entirely “e-assessed” following the launch yesterday of the first science course to be fully tested online.

The OCR exam board, part of Cambridge Assessment, has developed the environmental and land-based science GCSE, which it said would “put an end to endless reams of paper for both students and teachers”.

Pupils doing the new GCSE will sit computer-based tests involving a mixture of multiple choice and short answers without any need for pens or pencils. Coursework for the new GCSE will also be submitted electronically.

Marking for the multiple-choice section of exams will be done by computer but moderators will assess longer answers and coursework.

Storing work online eliminated the risk of mislaying papers and presenting work electronically allowed students to “take a much slicker and more professional approach to their work”, the exam board said.

OCR's head of e-assessment, Patrick Craven, said: “This new qualification is a real landmark in the assessment of students at school. With IT now playing such a significant role in education and indeed, employment, its only right that the currency of communication between the student and exam board should also be digital.”

Mr Craven said science subjects were the obvious choice for e-assessments because they were “slightly more objective” than humanities subjects and therefore more suited to online testing. However, Mr Craven said the exam board was careful not to “dilute subjects into just multiple-choice questions”.

Instead, OCR wanted to focus on preparing pupils for employment using the type of skills that would be expected of them in the workplace, he said.

The new GCSE aims to help students develop the skills to work in areas such as horticulture, farming, floristry, waste management, conservation, or veterinary medicine.

Mr Craven said modern foreign languages were the next likely subjects to be fully e-assessed because all the components – reading, writing, speaking and listening – could potentially be done with the use of the “common media” of a computer.

However, he conceded that some subjects such as art and design would be unlikely to ever be suited to complete e-assessment because of the nature of the subjects.

Mr Craven said many schools had backed the idea of e-assessments. One of the schools to have introduced the new GCSE is Thomas Alleyne's school in Uttoxeter, Staffordshire.

Advanced skills teacher Martin Wedgwood said: “With so many of our students using IT regularly, we wanted to introduce a GCSE that reflected this in its learning and assessment.”

Pope set to bring back Latin Mass

This from The Times today has been given a strange headline by the subeditor. As Private Eye would put it:

Pope set to bring back Latin Mass that divided [united, shurely – Ed.] the Church

Pope set to bring back Latin Mass that divided the Church

By Ruth Gledhill, Religion Correspondent

THE Pope is taking steps to revive the ancient tradition of the Latin Tridentine Mass in Catholic churches worldwide, according to sources in Rome.

Pope Benedict XVI is understood to have signed a universal indult — or permission — for priests to celebrate again the Mass used throughout the Church for nearly 1,500 years. The indult could be published in the next few weeks, sources told The Times.

Use of the Tridentine Mass, parts of which date from the time of St Gregory in the 6th century and which takes its name from the 16th-century Council of Trent, was restricted by most bishops after the reforms of the Second Vatican Council (1962-65).

This led to the introduction of the new Mass in the vernacular to make it more accessible to contemporary audiences. By bringing back Mass in Latin, Pope Benedict is signalling that his sympathies lie with conservatives in the Catholic Church.

One of the most celebrated rebels against its suppression was Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, who broke with Rome in 1988 over this and other reforms. He was excommunicated after he consecrated four bishops, one of them British, without permission from the Pope.

Some Lefebvrists, including those in Brazil, have already been readmitted. An indult permitting the celebration of the Tridentine Mass could help to bring remaining Lefebvrists and many other traditional Catholics back to the fold.

The priests of England and Wales are among those sometimes given permission to celebrate the Old Mass according to the 1962 Missal. Tridentine Masses are said regularly at the Oratory and St James’s Spanish Place in London, but are harder to find outside the capital.

The new indult would permit any priest to introduce the Tridentine Mass to his church, anywhere in the world, unless his bishop has explicitly forbidden it in writing.

Catholic bloggers have been anticipating the indult for months. The Cornell Society blog says that Father Martin Edwards, a London priest, was told by Cardinal Joseph Zen, of Hong Kong, that the indult had been signed. Cardinal Zen is alleged to have had this information from the Pope himself in a private meeting.

“There have been false alarms before, not least because within the Curia there are those genuinely well-disposed to the Latin Mass, those who are against and those who like to move groups within the Church like pieces on a chessboard,” a source told The Times. “But hopes have been raised with the new pope. It would fit with what he has said and done on the subject. He celebrated in the old rite, when Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger.”

The 1962 Missal issued by Pope John XXIII was the last of several revisions of the 1570 Missal of Pius V. In a lecture in 2001, Cardinal Ratzinger said that it would be “fatal” for the Missal to be “placed in a deep-freeze, left like a national park, a park protected for the sake of a certain kind of people, for whom one leaves available these relics of the past”.

Daphne McLeod, chairman of Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice, a UK umbrella group that campaigns for the restoration of traditional orthodoxy, said: “A lot of young priests are teaching themselves the Tridentine Mass because it is so beautiful and has prayers that go back to the Early Church.”

TRADITIONAL SERVICE
# The Tridentine Mass is celebrated entirely in Latin, except for a few words and phrases in Greek and Hebrew. There are long periods of silence and the priest has his back to the congregation

# In 1570, Pope St Pius V said that priests could use the Tridentine rite forever, “without scruple of conscience or fear of penalty”

# Since the Second Vatican Council, the Tridentine Mass has been almost entirely superseded by the Mass of Pope Paul VI

# Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, who took the lead in opposing the reforms, continued to celebrate the old Mass at his seminary in Ecône, Switzerland, and formed a dissident group. He was excommunicated in 1988

# The advantages of the Mass, according to the faithful, are in its uniformity and the fact that movements and gestures are prescribed, so that there is no room for “personalisation”